How to consult the Book of Changes
The Associations
- Yang (阳 / 陽) refers to the Sun. It represents light, heat, activity, and expansion.
- Yin (阴 / 陰) refers to the Moon. It represents darkness, coolness, rest, and receptivity.
The Numerical Values (2 and 3)
In traditional Chinese numerology and the philosophy of the Yi Jing (I Ching), numbers are also divided into Yin and Yang:
- Yang is assigned the value of 3. Odd numbers are considered dynamic, creative, and Yang.
- Yin is assigned the value of 2. Even numbers are considered stable, receptive, and Yin.
Three-coin cast
For each of six lines, from bottom to top, toss three coins. Each coin has two sides — the yang side counts as 3, and the yin side counts as 2:
Add the three coins together — the sum gives the type of line:
| Value | Coins | Symbol | Mutates into |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | × | Yang ⎯⎯ | |
| 7 | stays yang | ||
| 8 | stays yin | ||
| 9 | Yin ⎯ ⎯ |
Changing lines
If any lines are changing, flip them — yin becomes yang and yang becomes yin — to obtain the derived hexagram. The primary hexagram describes the present situation; the derived hexagram describes where it is moving. The texts of the changing lines themselves are the bridge between the two.